A Project of the University of Michigan Law School and the MDefenders Program

Incorporating statistical evidence of racial disparities in police stops and police violence, this brief argues that “what constitutes “suspicious” or “abnormal” behavior for Fourth Amendment purposes must take into account the realities of racism and police violence experienced by communities of color” and that any totality of the circumstances analysis must consider “the fraught, frightening, and sometimes fatal treatment some communities receive from police.”

File Type: pdf
File Size: 189 KB
Categories: 4th Amendment, Police, Race
Author: 9th Cir., California